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Lithium iron phosphate modules, each 700 Ah, 3.25 V. Two modules are wired in parallel to create a single 3.25 V 1400 Ah battery pack with a capacity of 4.55 kWh. Cell voltage Minimum discharge voltage = 2.0-2.8 V [27] [28] [29] Working voltage = 3.0 ~ 3.3 V; Maximum charge voltage = 3.60-3.65 V [30] [28] Volumetric energy density = 220 Wh/L ...
Lithium cobalt oxide: LiCoO 2 ICR LCO Li‑cobalt [48] ... Lithium iron phosphate: 90 2,500 [55] –12,000 to 80% capacity [63] Lithium manganese oxide: 90 300–700
Lithium cobalt oxide, sometimes called lithium cobaltate [2] or lithium cobaltite, [3] is a chemical compound with formula LiCoO 2. The cobalt atoms are formally in the +3 oxidation state, hence the IUPAC name lithium cobalt(III) oxide. Lithium cobalt oxide is a dark blue or bluish-gray crystalline solid, [4] and is commonly used in the ...
Lithium iron phosphate or lithium ferro-phosphate (LFP) is an inorganic compound with the formula LiFePO 4. It is a gray, red-grey, brown or black solid that is insoluble in water. The material has attracted attention as a component of lithium iron phosphate batteries, [1] a type of Li-ion battery. [2]
Lifetimes of over 2,000 cycles and twenty years have been demonstrated with full-sized batteries, and over 4,500 cycles and fifteen years with 10- and 20-cell modules. For comparison, [citation needed] LiFePO 4 lithium iron phosphate batteries store 90–110 Wh/kg, and the more common LiCoO 2 lithium-ion batteries store 150
Lithium iron phosphate: ethylene carbonate–dimethyl carbonate (EC–DMC) 1–1 lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4) 1M 3.0 ~ 3.2 V 3.2 V 90–160 [39] [40] 325 Wh/L (1,200 kJ/L) [40] The specific capacity of LiFePO 4 is higher than that of the related lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2) chemistry, but its energy density is
The nominal voltage is 3.6 or 3.7 volts (about the middle value of the highest and lowest value) for cells based on lithium-metal-oxides (such as LiCoO 2). This compares to 3.6–3.8 V (charged) to 1.8–2.0 V (discharged) for those based on lithium-iron-phosphate (LiFePO 4).
However, the capacity of NCA is significantly higher than that of alternative materials such as lithium cobalt oxide LiCoO 2 with 148 mAh/g, lithium iron phosphate LiFePO 4 with 165 mAh/g and NMC 333 LiNi 0.33 Mn 0.33 Co 0.33 O 2 with 170 mAh/g. [2] Like LiCoO 2 and NMC, NCA belongs to the cathode materials with layer structure. [1]