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In psychology, empathic accuracy is a measure of how accurately one person can infer the thoughts and feelings of another person.. The term was introduced in 1988, in conjunction with the term "empathic inference," by psychologists William Ickes and William Tooke. [1]
Reflective listening arose from Carl Rogers's school of client-centered therapy in counseling theory. [1] It is a practice of expressing genuine understanding in response to a speaker as opposed to word-for-word regurgitation. [1] Reflective listening takes practice. [2]
In psychology, interpersonal accuracy (IPA) refers to an individual's ability to make correct inferences about others' internal states, traits, or other personal attributes. [1] For example, a person who is able to correctly recognize emotions, motivation, or thoughts in others demonstrates interpersonal accuracy.
Practicing active listening also emphasized Rogers' (1980) concept of three facilitative conditions for effective counseling; empathy, genuineness, and unconditional positive regard. [4] Rogers and Farson write: "Active listening is an important way to bring about changes in people.
Accurate empathy on the part of the therapist helps the client believe the therapist's unconditional regard for them. Client perception: That the client perceives, to at least a minimal degree, the therapist's unconditional positive regard and empathic understanding.
The study of empathic accuracy has become an important subfield at the interface of two larger fields of study: research on empathy and research on accuracy in interpersonal perception. Much of the available research on this topic is summarized in two books: Empathic Accuracy (1997) and Everyday Mind Reading (2003).