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The vagus nerve (/ ˈ v eɪ. ɡ ə s /), also known as the tenth cranial nerve, cranial nerve X, or simply CN X, is a cranial nerve that carries sensory and motor fibers. It creates a pathway that interfaces with the parasympathetic control of the heart, lungs, and digestive tract. [1]
Baseline vagal tone can be used either as a potential predictor of behavior or as a signal of mental health (particularly emotion regulation, anxiety, and internalizing and externalizing disorders). [28] [29] The polyvagal theory by Porges is an influential model of how the vagal pathways respond to novelty and to stressful external stimuli.
This nerve is involved (together with nerve IX) in the pharyngeal reflex or gag reflex. XI Accessory. Sometimes: cranial accessory, spinal accessory. Mainly motor Cranial and Spinal Roots Located in the jugular foramen. Controls the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles, and overlaps with functions of the vagus nerve (CN X). Symptoms of ...
The vagus nerve, also known as the tenth cranial nerve, is a fundamental component of the autonomic nervous system. It facilitates the transmission of parasympathetic signals to and from internal organs, including the heart, lungs, and digestive system.
Cochlear nerve (part of cranial nerve 8) – the main hearing-related cranial nerve; Smell. Olfactory nerve (cranial nerve 1) – the main smell-related cranial nerve; Taste. Taste-related cranial nerves: Facial nerve (cranial nerve 7) Glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve 9) Vagus nerve (cranial nerve 10) Somatosensory system. Haptic perception
Thus, the prefrontal input to the ANS modulate the inflammatory response to psychological stress in part via the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. [14] In recent years, this PFC-Vagus Nerve-Spleen axis has been linked to cellular senescence [15] [16] and various pathologies such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. [17] [18]