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Spanish Florida (Spanish: La Florida) was the first major European land-claim and attempted settlement-area in northern America during the European Age of Discovery. La Florida formed part of the Captaincy General of Cuba in the Viceroyalty of New Spain, and the Spanish Empire during Spanish colonization of the Americas.
General Andrew Jackson led his infantry against British and Spanish forces controlling the city of Pensacola in Spanish Florida. The Spanish forces surrendered the city to Jackson, and the outlying British contingent withdrew. The battle was the only engagement of the war to take place in territory under the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Spain.
On December 10, the United States military completed the forcible occupation and acquiescence of the Republic of West Florida. In 1819 the United States and Spain negotiated the Adams–Onís Treaty , in which Spain transferred West Florida and all of East Florida to the United States in exchange for expunging American spoliation claims.
Slavery in Florida occurred among indigenous tribes and during Spanish rule. Florida's purchase by the United States from Spain in 1819 (effective 1821) was primarily a measure to strengthen the system of slavery on Southern plantations, by denying potential runaways the formerly safe haven of Florida. Florida became a slave state, seceded, and ...
The U.S. claimed that West Florida was part of the Louisiana Purchase, a claim disputed by Spain, as it had controlled West Florida as a province separate from Spanish Louisiana since 1783. There was an influx of Americans into West Florida in the early years of the 19th century.
Spanish Florida was established in the 1500s, when Spain laid claim to land explored by several expeditions across the future southeastern United States.The introduction of diseases to the indigenous peoples of Florida caused a steep decline in the original native population over the following century, and most of the remaining Apalachee and Tequesta peoples settled in a series of missions ...
With Fort Caroline captured and the French forces killed or driven away, Spain's claim to La Florida was legitimized by the doctrine of uti possidetis de facto, or "effective occupation", [11] and Spanish Florida stretched from the Panuco River on the Gulf of Mexico up the Atlantic coast to Chesapeake Bay, [12] leaving England and France to ...
Spanish West Florida (Spanish: Florida Occidental) was a province of the Spanish Empire from 1783 until 1821, when both it and East Florida were ceded to the United States. The region of West Florida initially had the same borders as the erstwhile British colony .