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Neuroplasticity is the process by which neurons adapt to a disturbance over time, and most often occurs in response to repeated exposure to stimuli. [27] Aerobic exercise increases the production of neurotrophic factors [note 1] (e.g., BDNF, IGF-1, VEGF) which mediate improvements in cognitive functions and various forms of memory by promoting blood vessel formation in the brain, adult ...
Kipping pull-ups are considered high risk for injury and are a major cause of shoulder injury in CrossFit athletes. [15] Muscle-up: A pull-up that transitions to a dip; it is more difficult than a pull-up and requires significant strength and technique to execute. Originating in gymnastics, it is also popular in CrossFit where it may be ...
Exercise has several effects upon muscles, connective tissue, bone, and the nerves that stimulate the muscles. One such effect is muscle hypertrophy, an increase in size of muscle due to an increase in the number of muscle fibers or cross-sectional area of myofibrils. [76] Muscle changes depend on the type of exercise used.
Exercises that strengthen the back muscles include rows, pull-ups, and shoulder blade squeezes. Exercises like doorway stretches for the chest can help stretch out tension that contributes to rounded shoulders. Synergistically implementing muscle strengthening and stretching can effectively prevent the development of rounded shoulders. [47] [48]
Olson shares that “negative pull-ups” are also a great starting point. “Use a chair or bench. Hang from a pull-up bar in the flexed (ending/up) position,” she explains of the exercise.
Agonist muscles are also called prime movers since they produce most of the force, and control of an action. [6] Agonists cause a movement to occur through their own activation. [7] For example, the triceps brachii contracts, producing a shortening (concentric) contraction, during the up phase of a push-up (elbow extension).
A tendon is a tough, flexible band of fibrous connective tissue that connects muscles to bones. [12] The extra-cellular connective tissue between muscle fibers binds to tendons at the distal and proximal ends, and the tendon binds to the periosteum of individual bones at the muscle's origin and insertion. As muscles contract, tendons transmit ...
The body of the Golgi tendon organ is made up of braided strands of collagen (intrafusal fasciculi) that are less compact than elsewhere in the tendon and are encapsulated. [2] The capsule is connected in series (along a single path) with a group of muscle fibers ( 10-20 fibers [ 3 ] ) at one end, and merge into the tendon proper at the other.