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Arachnoid cysts are cerebrospinal fluid covered by arachnoidal cells and collagen [1] that may develop between the surface of the brain and the cranial base or on the arachnoid membrane, one of the three meningeal layers that cover the brain and the spinal cord. [2] Primary arachnoid cysts are a congenital disorder whereas secondary arachnoid ...
These classification of cysts are embedded in the endoderm (inner layer) and the ectoderm (outer layer) of the cranial or spinal cord germ layers.They normally take over the neuraxis, the axis of the central nervous system that determines how the nervous system is placed, which allows the cysts to infiltrate the CNS tissues. [3]
Syringomyelia is a generic term referring to a disorder in which a cyst or cavity forms within the spinal cord. Often, syringomyelia is used as a generic term before an etiology is determined. [3] This cyst, called a syrinx, can expand and elongate over time, destroying the spinal cord.
Arachnoid inflammation can lead to many painful and debilitating symptoms which can vary greatly in each case, and not all people experience all symptoms. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Chronic pain is common, including neuralgia , while numbness and tingling of the extremities can occur with spinal cord involvement, and bowel, bladder, and sexual ...
Arachnoid cysts are cerebrospinal fluid covered by arachnoidal cells that may develop on the brain or spinal cord. [14] They are a congenital disorder, and in some cases may not show symptoms. However, if there is a large cyst, symptoms may include headache, seizures, ataxia (lack of muscle control), hemiparesis, and several others.
Current treatment options include CSF aspiration, fibrin-glue therapy, laminectomy with wrapping of the cyst, among other surgical treatment approaches. Interventional treatment of Tarlov cysts is the only means by which symptoms might permanently be resolved due to the fact that the cysts often refill after aspiration.
Meningitis can be life-threatening because of the inflammation's proximity to the brain and spinal cord; therefore, the condition is classified as a medical emergency. [ 2 ] [ 8 ] A lumbar puncture , in which a needle is inserted into the spinal canal to collect a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), can diagnose or exclude meningitis.
The arachnoid mater covering the brain is referred to as the arachnoidea encephali, and the portion covering the spinal cord as the arachnoidea spinalis. The arachnoid and pia mater are sometimes considered as a single structure, the leptomeninx, or the plural version, leptomeninges (lepto, from the Greek root meaning "thin" or "slender").