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Standard Moroccan Amazigh (ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ; Arabic: الأمازيغية المعيارية), also known as Standard Moroccan Tamazight or Standard Moroccan Berber, is a standardized language developed by the Royal Institute of Amazigh Culture (IRCAM) in Morocco by combining features of Tashelhit, Central Atlas Tamazight, and Tarifit, the three major Amazigh ...
Berbers, or the Berber peoples, [a] also known as Amazigh [b] ... The Taifa period ended when a Berber dynasty—the Moroccan Almoravids—took over al-Andalus; they ...
The Berber languages, also known as the Amazigh languages [a] or Tamazight, [b] are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] They comprise a group of closely related but mostly mutually unintelligible languages [ 3 ] spoken by Berber communities, who are indigenous to North Africa .
[1] [2] [3] They are collectively known as Berbers or Amazigh in English. [4] The native plural form Imazighen is sometimes also used in English. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] While "Berber" is more widely known among English-speakers, its usage is a subject of debate, due to its historical background as an exonym and present equivalence with the Arabic word for ...
The institute offers advice to the Moroccan king and government about the measures that would help develop the Berber language and culture, especially within the educational system. IRCAM published numerous books on various subjects, such as history, culture, geography, including Amazigh language textbooks, dictionaries and translations.
In 2019, the Parliament voted to expand Berber classes to all Moroccan schools. [35] [36] [37] According to Prime Minister Aziz Akhannouch, about 2,000 schools taught Amazigh in 2022 and the government was training more teachers to accelerate the roll out of Berber teaching. [38] As of 2023, this reform is still in progress. [39]
Modern Standard Arabic and Standard Moroccan Berber are the official languages of Morocco, [14] while Moroccan Arabic is the national vernacular dialect; [15] Berber languages are spoken in some mountain areas, such as Tarifit, spoken by 3.2%, Central Atlas Tamazight, spoken by 7.4%, and Tashelhit, spoken by 14.2%.
An original author of the Amazigh Manifesto, he was later appointed as the first Rector of the Royal Institute of the Amazigh Culture. He has worked extensively on incorporating Amazigh culture into Moroccan identity and is a leading intellectual of the Moroccan intelligentsia.