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Artist's depiction of a foetus at 38 weeks' gestation. Foetal cerebral redistribution or 'brain-sparing' is a diagnosis in foetal medicine.It is characterised by preferential flow of blood towards the brain at the expense of the other vital organs, and it occurs as a haemodynamic adaptation in foetuses which have placental insufficiency.
Massive parallel sequencing and digital PCR for fetal aneuploidy detection can be used without restriction to fetal-specific nucleic acid molecules. (MPSS) is estimated to have a sensitivity of between 96 and 100%, and a specificity between 94 and 100% for detecting Down syndrome. It can be performed at 10 weeks of gestational age. [66]
The Unity test uses NGS technology to look for Rh alleles (genes) in the cell free fetal DNA in the maternal bloodstream. In healthy pregnancies, at least 5% (fetal fraction) of the cell free DNA in the maternal bloodstream comes from the fetus (placenta cells shed DNA into the maternal bloodstream).
[3] [10] For example, of 28 cases of mosaic polyploidy detected on CVS, fetal mosaicism was confirmed in only one case. This is compared to marker chromosomes detected on CVS, in which mosaicism was confirmed in 1/4 of the fetuses. [3]
[10] Special considerations should be made for delivery when PPCM diagnosis is made before birth. A multi-disciplinary team should be assembled including experts in obstetrics, cardiology, maternal fetal medicine, and anesthesiology. Stable patients can be delivered vaginally unless there are other obstetric reasons for cesarean section.
Low birth weight (LBW) is defined by the World Health Organization as a birth weight of an infant of 2,499 g (5 lb 8.1 oz) or less, regardless of gestational age. [1] Infants born with LBW have added health risks which require close management, often in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Black mothers saw a slight increase, from a fetal death rate of 9.89 in 2021 to 10.05 in 2022. The 2022 fetal mortality rates among Black and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander mothers ...
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), or fetal growth restriction, is the poor growth of a fetus while in the womb during pregnancy. IUGR is defined by clinical features of malnutrition and evidence of reduced growth regardless of an infant's birth weight percentile. [ 5 ]