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In biology, sexual segregation is the differential use of space, habitats, and resources by males and females, or the separation of males and females into different social groups outside the breeding season. Sexual segregation is widespread among animals, especially among vertebrates that live in groups, and has also been observed in plants.
The sociology of race and ethnic relations is the study of social, political, and economic relations between races and ethnicities at all levels of society. This area encompasses the study of systemic racism, like residential segregation and other complex social processes between different racial and ethnic groups.
Sex segregation is a global phenomenon manifested differently in varying localities. [34] Sex segregation and integration considered harmless or normal in one country can be considered radical or illegal in others. [35] At the same time, many laws and policies promoting segregation or desegregation recur across multiple national contexts.
Gause's law or the competitive exclusion principle, named for Georgy Gause, states that two species competing for the same resource cannot coexist at constant population values. The competition leads either to the extinction of the weaker competitor or to an evolutionary or behavioral shift toward a different ecological niche .
The integration of immigrants or migrant integration is the process of social integration of immigrants and their descendants in a society. Central aspects of social integration are language , education , the labour market , participation , values and identification within the host country.
Rich Benjamin's book, Searching for Whitopia: An Improbable Journey to the Heart of White America, reveals the state of residential, educational, and social segregation. In analyzing racial and class segregation, the book documents the migration of white Americans from urban centers to small-town, exurban, and rural communities.
Social integration is the process during which newcomers or minorities are incorporated into the social structure of the host society. [ 1 ] Social integration, together with economic integration and identity integration, are three main dimensions of a newcomers' experiences in the society that is receiving them. [ 1 ]
De jure segregation was outlawed by the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the Fair Housing Act of 1968. [12] In specific areas, however, segregation was barred earlier by the Warren Court in decisions such as the Brown v. Board of Education decision that overturned school segregation in the United States.