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Electroless nickel-boron plating developed as a variant of the similar nickel-phosphorus process, discovered accidentally by Charles Adolphe Wurtz in 1844. [2]In 1969, Harold Edward Bellis from DuPont filed a patent for a general class of electroless plating processes using sodium borohydride, dimethylamine borane, or sodium hypophosphite, in the presence of thallium salts, thus producing a ...
Electroless nickel-phosphorus coatings with less than 7% phosphorus are solid solutions with a microcrystalline structure, with each grain 2–6 nm across. Coatings with more than 10% phosphorus are amorphous. Between these two limits, the coating is a mixture of amorphous and microcrystalline materials. [16]
At the core of this industry nickel coats pressure vessels, compressor blades, reactors, turbine blades, and valves. [6] Schematic of oil rig setup. The steel tubulars are covered with elemental Ni which reduces corrosion rate. Sections 25, 26, and 27 are examples of where an elemental nickel coating would overlay the steel.
The gold is typically applied by quick immersion in a solution containing gold salts. Some of the nickel is oxidized to Ni 2+ while the gold is reduced to metallic state. A variant of this process adds a thin layer of electroless palladium over the nickel, a process known by the acronym ENEPIG. [1]
Electroless processes are widely used to deposit nickel-phosphorus or nickel-boron alloys for wear and corrosion resistance, silver for mirror-making, copper for printed circuit boards, and many more. A major advantage of these processes over electroplating is that they can produce coatings of uniform thickness over surfaces of arbitrary shape ...
"Black nickel" is a dark coating that consists primarily of nickel sulfide and metallic zinc and nickel. [14] It is typically plated on brass, bronze, or steel in order to produce a non-reflective surface. [15] This type of plating is used for decorative and military purposes and does not offer much protection. [1] [2] [15]
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