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To resolve some of the incompatibilities resulting from wchar_t 's properties, C++11 added two new classes: std::u16string and std::u32string (made up of the new types char16_t and char32_t), which are the given number of bits per code unit on all platforms. [14] C++11 also added new string literals of 16-bit and 32-bit "characters" and syntax ...
The formatting placeholders in scanf are more or less the same as that in printf, its reverse function.As in printf, the POSIX extension n$ is defined. [2]There are rarely constants (i.e., characters that are not formatting placeholders) in a format string, mainly because a program is usually not designed to read known data, although scanf does accept these if explicitly specified.
The length of a string is the number of code units before the zero code unit. [1] The memory occupied by a string is always one more code unit than the length, as space is needed to store the zero terminator. Generally, the term string means a string where the code unit is of type char, which is exactly 8 bits on all modern machines.
The C programming language provides many standard library functions for file input and output.These functions make up the bulk of the C standard library header <stdio.h>. [1] The functionality descends from a "portable I/O package" written by Mike Lesk at Bell Labs in the early 1970s, [2] and officially became part of the Unix operating system in Version 7.
In the C++ programming language, input/output library refers to a family of class templates and supporting functions in the C++ Standard Library that implement stream-based input/output capabilities. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is an object-oriented alternative to C's FILE -based streams from the C standard library .
These include string manipulation, memory allocation, C-style input/output calls, and others. MSVCP*.DLL is the corresponding C++ library. It has shipped with Windows versions since Windows 95 OSR2.5 for use by other Windows components; earlier versions shipped with the CRTDLL.DLL library instead.
windows.h is a source code header file that Microsoft provides for the development of programs that access the Windows API (WinAPI) via C language syntax. It declares the WinAPI functions, associated data types and common macros. Access to WinAPI can be enabled for a C or C++ program by including it into a source file: #include <windows.h>
The byte-order mark (BOM) is a particular usage of the special Unicode character code, U+FEFF ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE, whose appearance as a magic number at the start of a text stream can signal several things to a program reading the text: [1] the byte order, or endianness, of the text stream in the cases of 16-bit and 32-bit encodings;