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Early monociliated ependymal cells are differentiated to multiciliated ependymal cells for their function in circulating cerebrospinal fluid. [3] The basal membranes of these cells are characterized by tentacle-like extensions that attach to astrocytes. The apical side is covered in cilia and microvilli. [4]
This schematic illustrates the four different types of glial cells, all of which possess cytoplasmic processes: ependymal cells (light pink), astrocytes (green), microglia (red), and oligodendrocytes (light blue). Cell bodies of neurons are in yellow (Their axons are surrounded by myelin, produced by oligodendrocytes).
Each cell in the respiratory epithelium has around 200 motile cilia. [12] In the reproductive tract, smooth muscle contractions help the beating of the cilia in moving the egg cell from the ovary to the uterus. [13] [15] In the ventricles of the brain ciliated ependymal cells circulate the cerebrospinal fluid.
Tanycytes are highly specialized ependymal cells found in the third ventricle of the brain, and on the floor of the fourth ventricle. Each tanycyte has a long basal process that extends deep into the hypothalamus. It is possible that their function is to transfer chemical signals from the cerebrospinal fluid to the central nervous system.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless body fluid found within the tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord of all vertebrates.. CSF is produced by specialized ependymal cells in the choroid plexus of the ventricles of the brain, and absorbed in the arachnoid granulations.
Related to its secretory function, the SCO is partially composed of ependymal cells. [1] [30] These ependymocytes are characterized by elongated cell bodies that contain secretory materials and are covered in cilia. [1] [30] The most prominent of these is the glycoprotein SCO-spondin. [31]
Ependymal cells secrete high molecular mass glycoproteins into the cerebrospinal fluid, in which the bulk of them condense to form a filamentous structure named Reissner's fiber. [4] The subcommissural organ/ Reissner's fiber complex is thought to be involved in the reabsorption and circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid, and with functions ...
Tela choroidea. The blood supply of these plexuses is from the posterior inferior cerebellar artery.The lateral ventricles also contains the right and left internal cerebral veins (which drain the choroid plexuses) at its roof (the two veins unite to form the great cerebral vein).