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Comparative effectiveness research (CER) is the direct comparison of existing health care interventions to determine which work best for which patients and which pose the greatest benefits and harms. The core question of comparative effectiveness research is which treatment works best, for whom, and under what circumstances. [ 1 ]
A continual improvement process, also often called a continuous improvement process (abbreviated as CIP or CI), is an ongoing effort to improve products, services, or processes. [1] These efforts can seek " incremental " improvement over time or "breakthrough" improvement all at once. [ 2 ]
Other synonyms for effectiveness include: clout, capability, success, weight, performance. [13] Antonyms for effectiveness include: uselessness, ineffectiveness. [13] Simply stated, effective means achieving an effect, and efficient means getting a task or job done it with little waste.
One method of research for evidence-based practice in nursing is 'qualitative research': The word implies an entity and meanings that are not experimentally examined or measured in terms of quantity, amount, frequency, or intensity. With qualitative research, researchers learn about patient experiences through discussions and interviews.
Clinical research is different from clinical practice: in clinical practice, established treatments are used to improve the condition of a person, while in clinical research, evidence is collected under rigorous study conditions on groups of people to determine the efficacy and safety of a treatment.
With the information collected, it can be determined which activities to continue and build upon, and which need to be changed in order to improve the effectiveness of the program. This can involve using sophisticated statistical techniques in order to measure the effect of the program and to find causal relationship between the program and the ...
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Operational Excellence leverages earlier continuous improvement methodologies such as Lean Thinking, Six Sigma, OKAPI, [3] and scientific management. [4] The concept was introduced in the 1970s by Dr. Joseph M. Juran, [4] who taught Japanese business leaders quality improvement methods. It gained prominence in the United States during the 1980s ...