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Bikini Atoll (/ ˈ b ɪ k ɪ ˌ n iː / or / b ɪ ˈ k iː n i /; Marshallese: Pikinni, [pʲiɡinnʲi], lit. ' coconut place '), [2] known as Eschscholtz Atoll between the 19th century and 1946, [3] is a coral reef in the Marshall Islands consisting of 23 islands surrounding a 229.4-square-mile (594.1 km 2) central lagoon.
Operation Crossroads was a pair of nuclear weapon tests conducted by the United States at Bikini Atoll in mid-1946. They were the first nuclear weapon tests since Trinity on July 16, 1945, and the first detonations of nuclear devices since the atomic bombing of Nagasaki on August 9, 1945.
Nuclear testing at Bikini Atoll consisted of the detonation of 23 (or 24 [a]) nuclear weapons by the United States between 1946 and 1958 on Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands. Tests occurred at 7 test sites on the reef itself, on the sea, in the air, and underwater. [ 2 ]
Bomb depth, depth of water Yield Notes Crossroads Baker: US July 25, 1946: Bikini Atoll, PPG: 50 m (160 ft), 100 m (330 ft) 20 kt: Probe the effects of a shallow underwater nuclear bomb on various surface fleet units. Hurricane Hurricane: UK October 2, 1952: Monte Bello Islands: 2.7 m (8 ft 10 in), 12 m (39 ft) 25 kt: First British nuclear test.
Operation Castle was organized into seven experiments, all but one of which were to take place at Bikini Atoll. Below is the original test schedule (as of February 1954). Below is the original test schedule (as of February 1954).
First class divers could work 300 ft (91 m) depths while salvage and second class divers were qualified down to 150 ft (46 m). [3] Diving was considered "hazardous" by the Navy and the Navy adjusted pay for both the qualification as well as time and depth under water: $5 an hour or fraction of an hour for hazardous salvage work.
Returning to Pearl Harbor for repairs until the end of the war, she was classified obsolete and was chosen to take part in the Operation Crossroads nuclear weapon tests at Bikini Atoll in 1946. She survived both explosions, and the effects of radiation on the ship were studied for two years. She was eventually sunk as a target in 1948.
Wall diving is a form of reef diving, where The main characteristic of the sites is that the terrain is predominantly near vertical. The height of the wall can vary from a few metres to hundreds of metres. [1] The top of the wall must be within diving depth, but the bottom may be far below or reasonably close to the surface.