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The leaves are 3–6 centimetres (1– 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 inches) long, simple or wavy-toothed, leathery, dark green above, paler below. The acorns are 1.5–2 cm ( 5 ⁄ 8 – 3 ⁄ 4 in) long, blackish-brown, and mature in 6–8 months from pollination; the kernel is sweet, and is an important food for people and for certain other mammals .
Quercus agrifolia, the California live oak, [3] or coast live oak, is an evergreen [4] live oak native to the California Floristic Province.Live oaks are so-called because they keep living leaves on the tree all year, adding young leaves and shedding dead leaves simultaneously rather than dropping dead leaves en masse in the autumn like a true deciduous tree. [5]
Several oak trees hold cultural importance; such as the Royal Oak in Britain, [116] the Charter Oak in the United States, [117] and the Guernica oak in the Basque Country. [118] " The Proscribed Royalist, 1651 ", a famous painting by John Everett Millais , depicts a Royalist hiding in an oak tree while fleeing from Cromwell's forces.
The leaves of the swamp chestnut oak are simple (not compound), 4–11 inches (10–28 centimetres) long and 2–7 in (5–18 cm) broad, with 15–20 lobe-like, rounded simple teeth on each side, similar to those of chestnut oak and chinkapin oak (Quercus muehlenbergii), although they generally do not achieve the more slender form that the leaves of those trees may exhibit at times.
Quercus alba, the white oak, is one of the preeminent hardwoods of eastern and central North America. It is a long-lived oak, native to eastern and central North America and found from Minnesota, Ontario, Quebec, and southern Maine south as far as northern Florida and eastern Texas. [3] Specimens have been documented to be over 450 years old. [4]
Quercus ilex, the holm oak, [2] [3] also (ambiguously, as many oaks are evergreen) evergreen oak, [4] is a large evergreen oak native to the Mediterranean region. It is a member of the section Ilex of the genus, [ 5 ] [ 6 ] with acorns that mature in a single summer.
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The Jurupa Oak, or Hurungna Oak, [1] [2] is a clonal colony of Quercus palmeri (Palmer's oak) trees in the Jurupa Mountains in Crestmore Heights, Riverside County, California. The colony has survived an estimated 13,000 years through clonal reproduction, [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] making it one of the world's oldest living trees . [ 5 ]