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During the Liberal democracy period in Indonesia and Guided Democracy that followed it under Sukarno, the common phrase used in speech and formal meetings was "Merdeka", the Indonesian and Malay word for independence or freedom, or variations of it such as "Salam Merdeka ".
Budaya is the plural form of the word Budi. Budi is synonymous to akal budi or kebudayaan . This original Indonesian word is very philosophical, since it has been explained, interpreted, re-interpreted, and made a philosophical discourse in Indonesian philosophers' circle up to this time.
Iman Budhi Santosa was born on 28 March 1948, a Kliwon Sunday, the only child born to Iman Sukandar and Hartiyatim.The family lived in Kauman, Magetan, East Java, until IBS's parents divorced when he was aged 18 months.