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Neuroscience of multilingualism is the study of multilingualism within the field of neurology.These studies include the representation of different language systems in the brain, the effects of multilingualism on the brain's structural plasticity, aphasia in multilingual individuals, and bimodal bilinguals (people who can speak at least one sign language and at least one oral language).
Equal proficiency in a bilingual individuals' languages is rarely seen as it typically varies by domain. [6] For example, a bilingual individual may have greater proficiency for work-related terms in one language, and family-related terms in another language. [4] Being bilingual has been linked to a number of cognitive benefits. [7]
the study of how words are structured and stored in the mental lexicon: how the brain stores and accesses words that a person knows Syntax: the study of how multiple-word utterances are constructed: how the brain combines words into constituents and sentences; how structural and semantic information is used in understanding sentences Semantics
Bilingualism is the regular use of two fluent languages, and bilinguals are those individuals who need and use two (or more) languages in their everyday lives. [1] A person's bilingual memories are heavily dependent on the person's fluency, the age the second language was acquired, and high language proficiency to both languages. [2]
However, despite the term "mental", there is not necessarily a clear distinction drawn between mental (dys)functioning and brain (dys)functioning, or indeed between the brain and the rest of the body. [7] Most international clinical documents avoid the term "mental illness", preferring the term "mental disorder". [5]
Second, it mitigates widespread confusion about the legitimacy of mental illness by suggesting that all disorders should have a footprint in the brain. [ citation needed ] In sum, a reason for the division between psychiatry and neurology was the distinction between mind or first-person experience and the brain.
The mental lexicon is a focus of research on differences between monolingual and multilingual brains. Research during past decades shows that bilingual brains have special neural connections. [1] Whether said connections constitute a distinct bilingual brain structure is still under study.
Causes vary between the different types of disorders but most include damage to the memory portions of the brain. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Treatments depend on how the disorder is caused. Medication and therapies are the most common treatments; however, for some types of disorders such as certain types of amnesia , treatments can suppress the symptoms ...