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Operational availability is used to evaluate the following performance characteristic. For a system that is expected to be available constantly, the below operational availability figures translate to the system being unavailable for approximately the following lengths of time (when all outages during a year are added together):
The availability factor of a power plant is the duration it achieves production of electricity divided by the duration that it was planned to produce electricity. In the field of reliability engineering , availability factor is known as operational availability , A o {\displaystyle A_{o}} .
The cost of operational availability (known as availability factor for electricity generators) is variable per generation technology. Different generator technologies require differing levels of planned and unplanned maintenance preventing nameplate capacity output being achieved continuously for the lifespan of the generator.
High availability (HA) is a characteristic of a system that aims to ensure an agreed level of operational performance, usually uptime, for a higher than normal period. [ 1 ] There is now more dependence on these systems as a result of modernization.
Availability, operational (Ao) [7] The probability that an item will operate satisfactorily at a given point in time when used in an actual or realistic operating and support environment. It includes logistics time, ready time, and waiting or administrative downtime, and both preventive and corrective maintenance downtime.
A highly available system would disable the malfunctioning portion and continue operating at a reduced capacity. In contrast, a less capable system might crash and become totally nonoperational. Availability is typically given as a percentage of the time a system is expected to be available, e.g., 99.999 percent ("five nines").
These include technical constraints, such as operational availability of the plant (known as availability factor for electricity generators), economic reasons, and availability of an energy resource. A plant can be out of service or operating at reduced output for part of the time due to equipment failures or routine maintenance.
The difference ("down time" minus "up time") is the amount of time it was operating between these two events. By referring to the figure above, the MTBF of a component is the sum of the lengths of the operational periods divided by the number of observed failures: