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There are three types of government systems in European politics: in a presidential system, the president is the head of state and the head of government; in a semi-presidential system, the president and the prime minister share a number of competences; finally, in a parliamentary republic, the president is a ceremonial figurehead who has few political competences.
Parliamentary democracy is the dominant form of government in the European Union, Oceania, ... and looking solely at one country's parliamentary system.
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Head of State and Government Two-round system: National Assembly: Unicameral legislature Parallel voting: First-past-the-post (26 seats) Party-list proportional representation (10 seats) Sierra Leone: President: Head of State and Government Two-round system: Parliament: Unicameral legislature Party-list proportional representation (135 seats)
Originally, national members of Parliament (MPs) were appointed to the European Parliament (EP) as Member of the European Parliament (MEPs). In 1979 the first direct elections were held, however national MPs still tended to contest these leading to them holding a "dual mandate". As the work load of an MEP increased, the number of MEPs who were ...
European mixed monarchies. Liechtenstein and Monaco are constitutional monarchies in which the Prince retains many powers of an absolute monarch. For example, the 2003 Constitution referendum gives the Prince of Liechtenstein the power to veto any law that the Landtag (parliament) proposes and vice versa. The Prince can hire or dismiss any ...
A semi-presidential republic is a government system with power divided between a president as head of state and a prime minister as head of government, used in countries like France, Portugal, and Egypt. The president, elected by the people, symbolizes national unity and foreign policy while the prime minister is appointed by the president or ...
Country Legislature Type Lower house [1] Upper house [1] ... (European Parliament) 27 (Council of the European Union) 26.111: 747: 449,476,878 636,011: 612,552