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Therefore, 16-bit digital audio found on CDs has a theoretical maximum SNR of 98 dB, and professional 24-bit digital audio tops out as 146 dB. As of 2011 [update] , digital audio converter technology is limited to an SNR of about 123 dB [ 12 ] [ 13 ] [ 14 ] ( effectively 21 bits) because of real-world limitations in integrated circuit design.
16 16 Yes Four dual channel, 16 bit, 370 MSPS ADCs; Two quad channel, 16 bit, 2500 MSPS DACs; 4/4 2x 10Gbit/s SFP+, Ethernet Yes Yes Yes Cross Country Wireless SDR receiver v. 3 [35] Pre-built 472 – 479 kHz, 7.0–7.3 MHz/10.10–10.15 MHz, and 14.00–14.35 MHz ext No External ADC required (I/Q output) 1/1 Crystal controlled two channels Yes Yes
The EPS-16 Plus uses 16-bit samples [2] at seven sample rates ranging from 11.2 kHz to 44.6 kHz and features 13 onboard effects. The unit was available in both keyboard and rackmount versions (EPS-16R). Some versions of the EPS-16 Plus were sold as "Turbo" units, which included an extra 1 MB of flash memory and SCSI upgrades. These units are ...
The unit dB FS or dBFS is defined in AES Standard AES17-1998, [13] IEC 61606, [14] and ITU-T Recs. P.381 [15] and P.382, [16] such that the RMS value of a full-scale sine wave is designated 0 dB FS. This means a full-scale square wave would have an RMS value of +3 dB FS.
Audio is typically recorded at 8-, 16-, and 24-bit depth; which yield a theoretical maximum signal-to-quantization-noise ratio (SQNR) for a pure sine wave of, approximately; 49.93 dB, 98.09 dB, and 122.17 dB. [22] CD quality audio uses 16-bit samples. Thermal noise limits the true number of bits that can be used in quantization.
The 16-bit compact disc has a theoretical undithered dynamic range of about 96 dB; [20] [d] however, the perceived dynamic range of 16-bit audio can be 120 dB or more with noise-shaped dither, taking advantage of the frequency response of the human ear. [21] [22]
Digital audio may be stored in a standard audio file formats and stored on a Hard disk recorder, Blu-ray or DVD-Audio. Files may be played back on smartphones, computers or MP3 player. Digital audio resolution is measured in audio bit depth. Most digital audio formats use either 16-bit, 24-bit, and 32-bit resolution.
As a result, the SNR increases by . For instance, to implement a 24-bit converter, it is sufficient to use a 20-bit converter that can run at 256 times the target sampling rate. Combining 256 consecutive 20-bit samples can increase the SNR by a factor of 16, effectively adding 4 bits to the resolution and producing a single sample with 24-bit ...