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An anterior cruciate ligament injury occurs when the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is either stretched, partially torn, or completely torn. [1] The most common injury is a complete tear. [ 1 ] Symptoms include pain, an audible cracking sound during injury, instability of the knee, and joint swelling . [ 1 ]
A tear of a meniscus is a rupturing of one or more of the fibrocartilage strips in the knee called menisci. When doctors and patients refer to "torn cartilage" in the knee, they actually may be referring to an injury to a meniscus at the top of one of the tibiae. Menisci can be torn during innocuous activities such as walking or squatting.
Initially, patients have their knees immobilized for the ligament to heal. Physical therapy is often prescribed as a nonsurgical treatment of a tear, in which functional rehabilitation and range of motion exercises that focus primarily on the hips, gluteal muscles, and quadriceps are used to strengthen the muscles surrounding the knee. During ...
Medial knee injuries (those to the inside of the knee) are the most common type of knee injury. [1] The medial ligament complex of the knee consists of: [2] superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL), also called the medial collateral ligament (MCL) or tibial collateral ligament; deep medial collateral ligament (dMCL), or mid-third medial ...
Symptoms of a sprain or tear of the LCL includes pain to the lateral aspect of the knee, instability of the knee when walking, swelling and ecchymosis (bruising) at the site of trauma. Direct trauma to the medial aspect of the knee may also affect the peroneal nerve, which could result in a foot drop or paresthesias below the knee which could ...
The posterior cruciate ligament is located within the knee. Ligaments are sturdy bands of tissues that connect bones. Similar to the anterior cruciate ligament, the PCL connects the femur to the tibia. There are four different grades of classification in which medical doctor's classify a PCL injury: Grade I, the PCL has a slight tear.
The two ligaments are called "cruciform" ligaments, as they are arranged in a crossed formation. In the quadruped stifle joint (analogous to the knee), based on its anatomical position, it is also referred to as the cranial cruciate ligament. [1] The term cruciate is Latin for cross. This name is fitting because the ACL crosses the posterior ...
Grade 2: Many of the ligament fibers are torn, and pain and swelling is moderate. The functionality of the joint is compromised. Grade 3: The soft tissue is completely torn, and functionality and strength on the joint is completely compromised. In most cases, surgery is needed to repair the damage.