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A General History of the Pyrates by Charles Johnson, the prime source for the biographies of many well known pirates, giving an almost mythical status to the more colorful characters, such as the infamous English pirates Blackbeard and Calico Jack, and influenced pirate literature that followed.
The pirates ran their affairs using what was called the pirate code, which was the basis of their claim that their rule of New Providence constituted a kind of republic. [13] According to the code, the pirates ran their ships democratically, sharing plunder equally and selecting and deposing their captains by popular vote. [14]
Between 1665 and 1857, Caribbean pirates and filibusters operated in Lake Nicaragua and the surrounding shores. The Spanish city of Granada, located on the lake, was an important trading centre for much of its early history so it was a prime target for pirates such as Welshman Henry Morgan and freebooters like William Walker.
Pirate democracy was a counter-culture, created by common sailors, to the traditional organization of maritime life and labor. [ 14 ] On most merchant and Navy vessels, there was a hierarchy with captains holding the highest authority, then officers and at the bottom, ordinary sailors.
Libertatia (also known as Libertalia) was a purported pirate colony founded in the late 17th century in Madagascar under the leadership of Captain James Misson (last name occasionally spelled "Mission", first name occasionally given as "Olivier").
A General History of the Pirates (1724) by Captain Charles Johnson is the source of many biographies of well-known pirates, providing an extensive account of the period. [36] Johnson gives an almost mythical status to the more colorful characters such as the notorious English pirates Blackbeard and Calico Jack .
Moya Pons, F. History of the Caribbean: Plantations, Trade, and War in the Atlantic World (2007) Palmié, Stephan and Francisco Scarano, eds. The Caribbean: A History of the Region and Its Peoples (U of Chicago Press, 2011) 660 pp; Ratekin, Mervyn. "The Early Sugar Industry in Española," Hispanic American Historical Review 34:2(1954):1-19.
The 1670 Treaty of Madrid meant the recognition of English colonies in the Caribbean by Spain in return for the curtailment of pirate attacks. England established the Admiralty Court in Nevis as a consequence. Those found guilty of piracy were hanged at Gallows Bay.