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The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, [b] formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania [c] and also referred to as Poland–Lithuania or the First Polish Republic, [d] [9] [10] was a federative real union [11] between the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, existing from 1569 to 1795.
Polish–Lithuanian–Ruthenian Commonwealth as proposed by Treaty of Hadiach in 1658. The Treaty of Hadiach (Polish: ugoda hadziacka; Ukrainian: гадяцький договір) was a treaty signed on 16 September 1658 in Hadiach between representatives of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (Stanisław Kazimierz Bieniewski [] representing Poland and Kazimieras Liudvikas Jevlaševskis ...
The Polish–Lithuanian Union had become an influential player in Europe and a significant cultural entity. In the second half of the 16th and the first half of the 17th century, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was a huge state in central-eastern Europe, with an area approaching one million square kilometers.
Coat of arms of Poland; January Uprising; Jarosław Dąbrowski; Kalisz Voivodeship (1816–1837) Kraków Voivodeship (1816–1837) Leon Przanowski; List of Polish flags; List of armed conflicts involving Poland against Russia; List of former sovereign states; List of sovereign states in the 1860s; List of wars: 1800–1899; List of wars ...
Bohdan Khmelnytsky declared himself the ruler of the Ruthenian state to the Polish representative Adam Kysil in February 1649. [31] [failed verification] The Grand Principality of Ruthenia was the project name of the Cossack Hetmanate integrated into the Polish–Lithuanian–Ruthenian Commonwealth. [citation needed]
The Ruthenian nobility (Ukrainian: Руська шляхта, romanized: Ruska shlyakhta; Belarusian: Руская шляхта, romanized: Ruskaja šlachta; Polish: szlachta ruska) originated in the territories of Kievan Rus' and Galicia–Volhynia, which were incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and later the Russian and Austrian Empires.
Ruthenians of Kholm in 1861.Ruthenians of Podlachia in the second half of the 19th century.. In the interbellum period of the 20th century, the term rusyn (Ruthenian) was also applied to people from the Kresy Wschodnie (the eastern borderlands) in the Second Polish Republic, and included Ukrainians, Rusyns, and Lemkos, or alternatively, members of the Uniate or Greek Catholic Churches.
Coat of arms of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth; Armiger: King of Poland/Grand Duke of Lithuania: Adopted: Following 1386 [Note 1] [citation needed] Shield: Quarterly 1st and 4th Gules, an eagle argent, crowned or; 2nd and 3rd, Gules, Pogonia. [1] [2] [3] [4]