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  2. Cloud base - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_base

    A cloud base (or the base of the cloud) is the lowest altitude of the visible portion of a cloud. It is traditionally expressed either in metres or feet above mean sea level or above a planetary surface, or as the pressure level corresponding to this altitude in hectopascals (hPa, equivalent to the millibar ).

  3. Cumulus cloud - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumulus_cloud

    Humid air will generally result in a lower cloud base. In temperate areas, the base of the cumulus clouds is usually below 550 metres (1,800 ft) above ground level, but it can range up to 2,400 metres (7,900 ft) in altitude. In arid and mountainous areas, the cloud base can be in excess of 6,100 metres (20,000 ft). [12] Some cumulus mediocris ...

  4. Liquid water content - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_water_content

    Clouds that have low densities, such as cirrus clouds, contain very little water, thus resulting in relatively low liquid water content values of around .03 g/m 3.Clouds that have high densities, like cumulonimbus clouds, have much higher liquid water content values that are around 1-3 g/m 3, as more liquid is present in the same amount of space.

  5. Cloud physics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_physics

    the cloud IR emissivity, with values between 0 and 1, with a global average around 0.7; the effective cloud amount, the cloud amount weighted by the cloud IR emissivity, with a global average of 0.5; the cloud (visible) optical depth varies within a range of 4 and 10. the cloud water path for the liquid and solid (ice) phases of the cloud particles

  6. Convective condensation level - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convective_condensation_level

    It marks where the cloud base begins when air is heated from below to the convective temperature, without mechanical lift. [ 1 ] Once the CCL is determined, the surface temperature necessary to raise a mass of air to that height can be found by using the Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate (DALR) to determine the potential temperature.

  7. Lifting condensation level - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifting_condensation_level

    The LCL can be either computed or determined graphically using standard thermodynamic diagrams such as the skew-T log-P diagram or the tephigram.Nearly all of these formulations make use of the relationship between the LCL and the dew point, which is the temperature to which an air parcel needs to be cooled isobarically until its RH just reaches 100%.

  8. List of cloud types - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cloud_types

    Column hanging from the cloud base which can develop into a small funnel cloud. [13] Accessory clouds Pannus Accompanied by a lower layer of fractus species cloud forming in precipitation. Pileus Small cap-like cloud over parent cumulus cloud. Velum A thin horizontal sheet that forms around the middle of a cumulus cloud. [13] Mother clouds

  9. Atmospheric convection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_convection

    A tornado is a dangerous rotating column of air in contact with both the surface of the earth and the base of a cumulonimbus cloud (thundercloud), or a cumulus cloud in rare cases. Tornadoes come in many sizes but typically form a visible condensation funnel whose narrowest end reaches the earth and is surrounded by a cloud of debris and dust.