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In neurology, retrograde amnesia (RA) is the inability to access memories or information from before an injury or disease occurred. [1] RA differs from a similar condition called anterograde amnesia (AA), which is the inability to form new memories following injury or disease onset. [ 2 ]
The theory concerns the relative strength of memories over time, which is not directly testable. Instead, scientists investigate the processes of forgetting , and recollection. [5] Ribot's law states that following a disruptive event, patients will show a temporally graded retrograde amnesia that preferentially spares more distant memories.
There are two main types of amnesia: Retrograde amnesia is the inability to remember information that was acquired before a particular date, usually the date of an accident or operation. [3] In some cases, the memory loss can extend back decades, while in other cases, people may lose only a few months of memory.
Retrograde amnesia is typically patchy, and may affect the hours, days, months or even occasionally years prior to the TGA episode and is often subtle. Memory of things that happened in the more ...
Individuals with retrograde amnesia may partially regain memory later, but memories are not regained with anterograde amnesia because they were not encoded properly. [ 8 ] The term "post-traumatic amnesia" was first used in 1940 in a paper by Symonds to refer to the period between the injury and the return of full, continuous memory, including ...
Retrograde amnesia is defined as the loss of memory of events and experiences occurring prior to an illness, accident, injury, or traumatic experience such as rape or assault. The amnesia may cover events over a longer or only a brief period. Typically, it declines with time, with earlier memories returning first. [9]
Focal retrograde amnesia (FRA), sometimes known as functional amnesia, refers to the presence of retrograde amnesia while knowledge acquisition remains intact (no anterograde amnesia). Memory for how to use objects and perform skills ( implicit memory ) may remain intact while specific knowledge of personal events or previously learned facts ...
Anterograde amnesia is one type of memory loss where people have difficulty forming new memories after the amnesia-causing event. Having a hard time remembering recent events? You may have a type ...