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The topic of the dissertation was social influence in perception, and the experiments have come to be known as the "autokinetic effect" experiments. Sherif's experimental study of autokinetic movement demonstrated how mental evaluation norms were created by human beings.
The autokinetic effect (also referred to as autokinesis and the autokinetic illusion) is a phenomenon of visual perception in which a stationary, small point of light in an otherwise dark or featureless environment appears to move. [1]
The most famous study of social proof is Muzafer Sherif's 1935 experiment. [6] In this experiment subjects were placed in a dark room and asked to look at a dot of light about 15 feet away. They were then asked how much, in inches, the dot of light was moving. In reality it was not moving at all, but due to the autokinetic effect it appeared to ...
The trick was, there was no movement, it was caused by a visual illusion known as the autokinetic effect. [26] The participants stated estimates ranging from 1–10 inches. On the first day, each person perceived different amounts of movement, but from the second to the fourth day, the same estimate was agreed on and others conformed to it. [ 27 ]
Two early examples of social psychological research have been particularly influential. The first of these was by Muzafer Sherif in 1935 using the autokinetic effect. Sherif asked participants to voice their judgments of light movement in the presence of others and noted that these judgments tended to converge. [14]
Sherif was a founder of modern social psychology who developed several techniques for understanding social processes, particularly social norms, and social conflict. Sherif's experimental study of the auto-kinetic movement demonstrated how mental evaluation norms were created by human beings. [29]
The development of social comparison hinged on several socio-psychological processes, and in order to create this theory, Festinger was influenced by research that focused on social communication (Festinger, 1950), group dynamics, conformity and the autokinetic effect (Sherif, 1936), compliant behavior, social groups, independence and ...
In social psychology, superordinate goals are goals that are worth completing but require two or more social groups to cooperatively achieve. [1] The idea was proposed by social psychologist Muzafer Sherif in his experiments on intergroup relations, run in the 1940s and 1950s, as a way of reducing conflict between competing groups. [2]