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Dental antibiotic prophylaxis is the administration of antibiotics to a dental patient for prevention of harmful consequences of bacteremia, that may be caused by invasion of the oral flora into an injured gingival or peri-apical vessel during dental treatment.
There are many circumstances during dental treatment where antibiotics are prescribed by dentists to prevent further infection (e.g. post-operative infection). The most common antibiotic prescribed by dental practitioners is penicillin in the form of amoxicillin, however many patients are hypersensitive to this particular antibiotic.
Amoxicillin is an antibiotic while clavulanic acid is a non-antibiotic β-lactamase inhibitor which prevents metabolism of amoxicillin by certain bacteria. In addition to its β-lactamase inhibition, clavulanic acid shows central nervous system actions and effects and has been studied in the potential treatment of various psychiatric and ...
Cefalexin is a β-lactam antibiotic of the cephalosporin family. [27] It is bactericidal and acts by inhibiting synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of the bacterial cell wall. [ 28 ] As cefalexin closely resembles d-alanyl-d-alanine, an amino acid ending on the peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall, it can irreversibly bind to the active site ...
Antibiotic prophylaxis refers to, for humans, the prevention of infection complications using antimicrobial therapy (most commonly antibiotics). Antibiotic prophylaxis in domestic animal feed mixes has been employed in America since at least 1970.
Antibiotics can also cause diarrhea, and antibiotic-associated diarrhea is the most common adverse effect of treatment with general antibiotics. While bismuth compounds ( Pepto-Bismol ) decreased the number of bowel movements in those with travelers' diarrhea, they do not decrease the length of illness. [ 112 ]
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Overall, 7% of patients experienced nausea, 6% headache, 5% diarrhea, and 4% insomnia, along with other adverse reactions experienced at lower rates. [3] Administration of levofloxacin or other broad-spectrum antibiotics is associated with Clostridioides difficile associated diarrhea which may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis.