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Browsers and other relying parties might use CRLs, or might use alternate certificate revocation technologies (such as OCSP) [4] [5] or CRLSets (a dataset derived from CRLs [6]) to check certificate revocation status. Note that OCSP is falling out of favor due to privacy and performance concerns [7] [8] [9].
The OCSP responder uses the certificate serial number to look up the revocation status of Alice's certificate. The OCSP responder looks in a CA database that Carol maintains. In this scenario, Carol's CA database is the only trusted location where a compromise to Alice's certificate would be recorded.
Without revocation, an attacker could exploit such a compromised or misissued certificate until expiry. Hence, revocation is an important part of a public key infrastructure. Revocation is performed by the issuing certificate authority, which produces a cryptographically authenticated statement of revocation.
The Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) stapling, formally known as the TLS Certificate Status Request extension, is a standard for checking the revocation status of X.509 digital certificates. [1]
Checking Revocation Status: each certificate is checked against Certificate Revocation List (CRL) or online status protocols (such as OCSP) to ensure it has not been revoked. Applying Policies: any additional policies specified by the relying party are applied to ensure the certificate path complies with required security standards and practices.
Certificate revocation lists [ edit ] Those lists are a vital part of any public key infrastructure, and as such, a specific chapter is dedicated to the description of the management associated with these lists, to ensure consistency between certificate status and the content of the list.
Certificates that support certificate transparency must include one or more signed certificate timestamps (SCTs), which is a promise from a log operator to include the certificate in their log within a maximum merge delay (MMD). [4] [3] At some point within the maximum merge delay, the log operator adds the certificate to their log.
.crl – A Certificate Revocation List (CRL). Certificate Authorities produce these as a way to de-authorize certificates before expiration. PKCS#7 is a standard for signing or encrypting (officially called "enveloping") data. Since the certificate is needed to verify signed data, it is possible to include them in the SignedData structure.