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A semiconductor is a material that is between the conductor and insulator in ability to conduct electrical current. [1] In many cases their conducting properties may be altered in useful ways by introducing impurities (" doping ") into the crystal structure .
The semiconductor industry is the aggregate of companies engaged in the design and fabrication of semiconductors and semiconductor devices, such as transistors and integrated circuits. Its roots can be traced to the invention of the transistor by Shockley , Brattain , and Bardeen at Bell Labs in 1948.
A compound semiconductor is a semiconductor compound composed of chemical elements of at least two different species. These semiconductors form for example in periodic table groups 13–15 (old groups III–V), for example of elements from the Boron group (old group III, boron, aluminium, gallium, indium) and from group 15 (old group V, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth).
A semiconductor device is an electronic component that relies on the electronic properties of a semiconductor material (primarily silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide, as well as organic semiconductors) for its function. Its conductivity lies between conductors and insulators.
Semi or SEMI may refer to: Semiconductor Equipment and Materials International (SEMI) Semiconductor industry, also known as semi or semis in financial news; Semi-automatic firearm; Semi-detached house, a type of housing; Semi-erection, a partial erection when the penis is enlarged but not fully erect; Semi-final, of a knockout competition
One could say that a semimetal is a semiconductor with a negative indirect bandgap, although they are seldom described in those terms. Classification of a material either as a semiconductor or a semimetal can become tricky when it has extremely small or slightly negative band-gaps.
A semiconductor package is a metal, plastic, glass, or ceramic casing containing one or more discrete semiconductor devices or integrated circuits. Individual components are fabricated on semiconductor wafers (commonly silicon ) before being diced into die , tested, and packaged.
Listed are many semiconductor scale examples for various metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET, or MOS transistor) semiconductor manufacturing process nodes. Timeline of MOSFET demonstrations