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The condyloid process or condylar process is the process on the human and other mammalian species' mandibles that ends in a condyle, the mandibular condyle.It is thicker than the coronoid process of the mandible and consists of two portions: the condyle and the constricted portion which supports it, the neck.
Condylar resorption, also called idiopathic condylar resorption, ICR, and condylysis, is a temporomandibular joint disorder in which one or both of the mandibular condyles are broken down in a bone resorption process. This disorder is nine times more likely to be present in females than males, and is more common among teenagers.
A condyloid joint (also called condylar, ellipsoidal, or bicondylar [1]) is an ovoid articular surface, or condyle that is received into an elliptical cavity. This permits movement in two planes, allowing flexion , extension , adduction , abduction , and circumduction .
The temporomandibular ligament constrains the mandible as it opens, keeping the condyloid process close to the joint. [2] It prevents posterior displacement of the mandible. It also prevents the condyloid process from being driven upward by a blow to the jaw, which would otherwise fracture the base of the skul
The mandibular notch can be found in other mammals, such as dogs and cats. [1] There can be significant variation in its shape even within the same species. [3] Archaeological evidence shows that the mandibular notch is different in other hominidae, such as neanderthals, and may be asymmetrical.
It is a concave surface on the medial side of the neck of the condyloid process of the mandible. It is located posterior to the mandibular notch and inferior to the mandibular condyle. The pterygoid fovea is the site of insertion for the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle. [1] [2]
The mandibles of a bull ant. In arthropods, the jaws are chitinous and oppose laterally, and may consist of mandibles or chelicerae.These jaws are often composed of numerous mouthparts.
Compared to M. schreibersii, the condyloid process is more slender, but the base of the angular process (at the lower back corner of the jaw) is more robust. [5] In M. rummeli, the back part of the mandible is higher and the coronoid process is distinctly higher than the condyloid process. [6]