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How are metals made? Whether you're assembling airplanes or building batteries, you need metals—and lots of them. The snag is that metals generally don't occur in the ground in exactly the way that we'd like to find them, in their pure form and in deposits large enough to make it worth our while to extract them.
The atoms of simple metallic substances are often in one of three common crystal structures, namely body-centered cubic (bcc), face-centered cubic (fcc), and hexagonal close-packed (hcp). In bcc, each atom is positioned at the center of a cube of eight others.
How Steel Is Made. Steel is primarily produced using one of two methods: Blast Furnace or Electric Arc Furnace. The blast furnace is the first step in producing steel from iron oxides. The first blast furnaces appeared in the 14th century and produced one ton per day.
Click here for more like this! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCK-9FpkycjyXkZYeUWjeHJA?sub_confirmation=1Steel has long been a vital building block of civil...
Almost all metals are used as alloys—that is, mixtures of several elements—because these have properties superior to pure metals. Alloying is done for many reasons, typically to increase strength, increase corrosion resistance, or reduce costs.
Metal can be extracted from ore by heating it to extremely high temperatures until it melts. This process is known as smelting. Historians believe steel has been produced in rudimentary furnaces for thousands of years.
How is a metal formed? These seem like textbook questions with a simple answer: Metal is characterized by free electrons that give rise to high electric conductivity.
But where do all those metals come from? Some metals are found in the Earth’s crust. Cobalt, iron, and nickel are common in nature. So are gold, zinc, tin, copper, and many others. However, it’s uncommon to find many metals in large quantities separate from other materials.
Two processes, basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS) and electric arc furnaces (EAF), account for virtually all steel production. Ironmaking, the first step in making steel, involves the raw inputs of iron ore, coke, and lime being melted in a blast furnace.
Turning low grade iron ore into the most used metal in the world is no easy task. Learn how this hot process works on Discovery Channel's "HowStuffWorks" show. Watch more at http://dsc.discovery...