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Process in a dolphin echolocation: in green the sounds generated by the dolphin, in red from the fish. Idealized dolphin head showing the regions involved in sound production. This image was redrawn from Cranford (2000). Odontocetes produce rapid bursts of high-frequency clicks that are thought to be primarily for echolocation. Specialized ...
Several animal species can hear frequencies well beyond the human hearing range. Some dolphins and bats, for example, can hear frequencies over 100 kHz. Elephants can hear sounds at 16 Hz–12 kHz, while some whales can hear infrasonic sounds as low as 7 Hz.
Typically, the inner core of the melon has a higher wax content than the outer parts and conducts sound more slowly. This gradient refracts sound and focuses it like a lens. The lipids in the melon cannot be digested by the animal, as they are metabolically toxic. A starving dolphin has a robust melon even if the rest of its body is emaciated. [1]
It translated seven vowel sounds spoken by humans to pure sine wave whistles from 7,000 Hz to 15,000 Hz. Thus the humans did not need to learn a whistled language, and the dolphins did not need to make human sounds. The equipment was analog, with filters which were able to distinguish vowel sounds and play the appropriate whistle frequencies.
The impact of underwater sound can be reduced by limiting the sound exposure received by an animal. The maximum sound exposure level recommended by Southall et al. [54] for cetaceans is 215 dB re 1 μPa 2 s for hearing damage. Maximum sound pressure level for behavioural effects is dependent on context (Southall et al. [54]).
In this article, I will explore what humans can hear, including frequencies, hearing in noise, directional hearing, and how it compares to an animal’s hearing ability.
Young dolphins, within the first few months of life, display their creativity by creating a unique sound.
The first ever 3D prints of images contained in dolphin echolocation sounds have been produced—including one of a human being seen from a dolphin's point of view.