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Direct-drive systems are characterized by smooth torque transmission, and nearly-zero backlash. [9] [10] [11] The main [citation needed] benefits of a direct-drive system are increased efficiency (due to reduced power losses from the drivetrain components) and being a simpler design with fewer moving parts.
If either the estimated flux or torque deviates too far from the reference tolerance, the transistors of the variable frequency drive are turned off and on in such a way that the flux and torque errors will return in their tolerant bands as fast as possible. Thus direct torque control is one form of the hysteresis or bang-bang control.
Bilirubin (BR) (from the Latin for "red bile") is a red-orange compound that occurs in the normal catabolic pathway that breaks down heme in vertebrates.This catabolism is a necessary process in the body's clearance of waste products that arise from the destruction of aged or abnormal red blood cells. [3]
In vector control, an AC induction or synchronous motor is controlled under all operating conditions like a separately excited DC motor. [21] That is, the AC motor behaves like a DC motor in which the field flux linkage and armature flux linkage created by the respective field and armature (or torque component) currents are orthogonally aligned such that, when torque is controlled, the field ...
Direct bilirubin more than 34 μmol/L (2.0 mg/dL). The signs which help detect pathological jaundice are the presence of intrauterine growth restriction , stigma of intrauterine infections (e.g. cataracts , small head , and enlargement of the liver and spleen ), cephalohematoma , bruising, signs of bleeding in the brain's ventricles.
The bilirubin present in the plasma is largely unconjugated in this setting as they haven't been taken up and conjugated by the liver. [3] In this case, total serum bilirubin increases while the ratio of direct bilirubin to indirect bilirubin remains 96 to 4 as up to 96%-99% of bilirubin in the bile are conjugated mentioned above. [9] [1]
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Rotor syndrome (also known as Rotor type hyperbilirubinemia) [2] is a rare cause of mixed direct (conjugated) and indirect (unconjugated) hyperbilirubinemia, relatively benign, autosomal recessive [3] bilirubin disorder characterized by non-hemolytic jaundice due to the chronic elevation of predominantly conjugated bilirubin.