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You can add a table using HTML rather than wiki markup, as described at HTML element#Tables. However, HTML tables are discouraged because wikitables are easier to customize and maintain, as described at manual of style on tables. Also, note that the <thead>, <tbody>, <tfoot>, <colgroup>, and <col> elements are not supported in wikitext.
For years in HTML, a table has always forced an implicit line-wrap (or line-break). So, to keep a table within a line, the workaround is to put the whole line into a table, then embed a table within a table, using the outer table to force the whole line to stay together. Consider the following examples: Wikicode (showing table forces line-break)
Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Tables: the Manual of Style indicates best practices for tables. Wikipedia:Table dos and don'ts: a quick guide to the Manual of Style for tables. mw:Help:Tables; User:Dcljr/Tables: table tutorials. Table (HTML): tags used for HTML tables. Category:Lists: vast category tree of pages with tables.
Currently, there does not seem to be a way to copy those tables to a wiki and keep styling such as colors (background or text color). It is possible to convert PDF tables to Excel and keep the colors. Or to HTML tables and keep the colors. But there does not seem to be a way to copy any of those colored tables (PDF, Excel, HTML, etc.) to a wiki.
Tables are a common way of displaying data. This tutorial provides a guide to making new tables and editing existing ones. For guidelines on when and how to use tables, see the Manual of Style. The easiest way to insert a new table is to use the editing toolbar that appears when you edit a page (see image above).
Another way to fix the problem is to copy the table wikitext to a text editor such as freeware NoteTab Light. The following method works for tables with flag templates. In the table wikitext do a mass replace of }}|| to }}^P|. ^P is the NoteTab Light code for a line break. That puts the row header cells on a separate line in the wikitext.
In general, styles for tables and other block-level elements should be set using CSS classes, not with inline style attributes. This is because the site-wide CSS is more carefully tested to ensure compatibility with a wide range of browsers; it also creates a greater degree of professionalism by ensuring a consistent appearance between articles.
JavaScript is an event-based imperative programming language (as opposed to HTML's declarative language model) that is used to transform a static HTML page into a dynamic interface. JavaScript code can use the Document Object Model (DOM), provided by the HTML standard, to manipulate a web page in response to events, like user input.