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A Gamma Knife typically contains 201 cobalt-60 sources of approximately 30 curies each (1.1 TBq), placed in a hemispheric array in a heavily shielded assembly. The device aims gamma radiation through a target point in the patient's brain. The patient wears a specialized helmet that is surgically fixed to the skull, so that the brain tumor ...
Stereotactic treatments can be confusing because many hospitals call the treatments by the name of the manufacturer rather than calling it SRS or SBRT. Brand names for these treatments include Axesse, Cyberknife, Gamma Knife, Novalis, Primatom, Synergy, X-Knife, TomoTherapy, Trilogy and Truebeam. [75]
The CyberKnife system is a radiation therapy device manufactured by Accuray. The system is used to deliver radiosurgery for the treatment of benign tumors , malignant tumors and other medical conditions.
In 1985, while working alongside Professor Lars Leksell, Dr. Adler was astonished and inspired with Gamma Knife radiosurgery but saw an opportunity to improve. The Gamma Knife relied on a stereotactic frame screwed into the patient's skull as an external surrogate to triangulate the location of the subject's tumor; Adler instead wanted to rely ...
Stereotactic External-Beam radiation Therapy, sometimes called SBRT is now being used to treat Small Cell Lung Cancer, and Sarcomas that have metastasized to the lungs. The high doses used in thoracic SBRT can sometimes cause adverse effects ranging from mild rib fatigue and transient esophagitis , to fatal events such as pneumonitis or hemorrhage.
External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) is a form of radiotherapy that utilizes a high-energy collimated beam of ionizing radiation, from a source outside the body, to target and kill cancer cells. The radiotherapy beam is composed of particles, which are focussed in a particular direction of travel using collimators. [ 1 ]
Generally, single-session Gamma Knife radiosurgery is limited in use to VSs less than 3 cm in diameter to avoid possible complications with facial nerves, brainstem and the cochlea apparatus. [26] The risk of radiation-induced secondary tumors is very small, in the range of 0.01-0.02%. The risk for NF2 patients appears to be slightly higher.
Hyperfractionated (twice-daily) radiotherapy was used previously to deliver higher radiation dosages, but did not lead to improved survival. Radiosurgery (e.g., gamma knife or cyberknife) has a role in the treatment of DIPG and may be considered in selected cases.