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Swan neck deformity has many of possible causes arising from the DIP, PIP, or even the MCP joints. In all cases, there is a stretching of the volar plate at the PIP joint to allow hyperextension, plus some damage to the attachment of the extensor tendon to the base of the distal phalanx that produces a hyperflexed mallet finger.
Rheumatoid arthritis is a primary cause of swan-neck deformity due to the presence of inflammation of the joints. [11] Additionally, swan-neck deformity can be caused by weakening or tearing of the ligament and tendon on the middle joint of a finger. [10]
Specific deformities, which also occur in osteoarthritis, include ulnar deviation, boutonniere deformity (also "buttonhole deformity", flexion of proximal interphalangeal joint and extension of distal interphalangeal joint of the hand), swan neck deformity (hyperextension at proximal interphalangeal joint and flexion at distal interphalangeal ...
738 Other acquired deformity. 738.0 Acquired deformity of nose; 738.1 Other acquired deformity of head; 738.2 Acquired deformity of neck; 738.3 Acquired deformity of chest and rib; 738.4 Acquired spondylolisthesis; 738.5 Other acquired deformity of back or spine; 738.6 Acquired deformity of pelvis; 738.7 Cauliflower ear; 738.8 Acquired ...
Boutonniere deformity is a deformed position of the fingers or toes, in which the joint nearest the knuckle (the proximal interphalangeal joint, or PIP) is permanently bent toward the palm while the farthest joint (the distal interphalangeal joint, or DIP) is bent back away (PIP flexion with DIP hyperextension).
Jaccoud arthropathy (JA), is a chronic non-erosive reversible joint disorder that may occur after repeated bouts of arthritis. [1] [2] It is caused by inflammation of the joint capsule and subsequent fibrotic retraction, causing ulnar deviation of the fingers, through metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP) subluxation, [1] [3] primarily of the ring and little-finger. [3]
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