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OBD-II PIDs (On-board diagnostics Parameter IDs) are codes used to request data from a vehicle, used as a diagnostic tool.. SAE standard J1979 defines many OBD-II PIDs. All on-road vehicles and trucks sold in North America are required to support a subset of these codes, primarily for state mandated emissions inspections.
Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) is a diagnostic communication protocol used in electronic control units (ECUs) within automotive electronics, which is specified in the ISO 14229-1. [1] It is derived from ISO 14230-3 ( KWP2000 ) and the now obsolete ISO 15765 -3 (Diagnostic Communication over Controller Area Network (DoCAN) [ 2 ] ).
Service / Mode $07 is a Request for emission-related diagnostic trouble codes detected during current or last completed driving cycle. It enables the external test equipment to obtain "pending" diagnostic trouble codes detected during current or last completed driving cycle for emission-related components/systems.
An example EXIT chart showing two components "right" and "left" and an example decoding (blue) An extrinsic information transfer chart, commonly called an EXIT chart, is a technique to aid the construction of good iteratively-decoded error-correcting codes (in particular low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and Turbo codes).
The codes' procedure words, a type of voice procedure, are designed to convey complex information with a few words, when brevity is required but security is not; Ten-code, North American police brevity codes, including such notable ones as 10-4; Phillips Code; NOTAM Code; Wire signal, Morse Code abbreviation, also known as 92 Code. Appears in ...
The code-rate is hence a real number. A low code-rate close to zero implies a strong code that uses many redundant bits to achieve a good performance, while a large code-rate close to 1 implies a weak code. The redundant bits that protect the information have to be transferred using the same communication resources that they are trying to protect.
The use of Level III codes was discontinued on December 31, 2003, in order to adhere to consistent coding standards. [3]: 2 Level III codes were different from the modern CPT Category III codes, which were introduced in 2001 to code emerging technology. [4]
1 6 V, 12 V, 24 V: 5 W Old designation: R19/5 RR5W BAW15s 1 12 V & 24 V: 5 W Red R10W BA15s 1 6 V, 12 V, 24 V: 10 W Old designation: R19/10 RR10W BAW15s 1 12 V & 24 V: 10 W Red RY10W BAU15s 1 6 V, 12 V, 24 V: 10 W Amber T1.4W P11.5d 1 12 V: 1.4W T4W BA9s 1 6 V, 12 V, 24 V: 4W Old designation: T8/4 W2.3W W2×4.6d 1 12 V: 2.3 W T5 size WY2.3W