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The Infant CARE-Index (ICI) is procedure that assesses risk in parent/infant relationships. It was developed by Patricia Crittenden early in the development of the Dynamic-Maturational Model of Attachment and Adaptation (DMM) and can be used from birth, that is before infant's attachment strategies are established, and up to 15 months of age.
The MotC is an interview of a parent which is transcribed and assessed with discourse analysis techniques similar to the AAI. [69] The MotC assesses a parent's general pattern of caregiving, sensitivity and level of responsiveness to their child, the degree and forms of control a parent may utilize, and self-reflective function (mentalization).
Attachment parenting (AP) is a parenting philosophy that proposes methods aiming to promote the attachment of mother and infant not only by maximal parental empathy and responsiveness but also by continuous bodily closeness and touch. [1] [2] The term attachment parenting was coined by the American pediatrician William Sears. There is no ...
Fathers also have an important bonding role after the child is born. Fathers find many ways to strengthen the father-child bond with their children, such as soothing, consoling, feeding (expressed breast milk , infant formula , or baby food ), changing diapers, bathing, dressing, playing, and cuddling.
Presenting problems included feeding, sleeping, behavioural regulation, maternal depression and feelings of failure in bonding or attachment. The randomly assigned control group undertook psychodynamic psychotherapy. The primary work is between mother and therapist. It is based on the notion of the infant as initiator in infant–parent ...
Bonding is an intrinsic human need. Regulation of emotion and fear to enhance vitality. Promoting adaptiveness and growth. Common attachment behaviours and emotions, displayed in most social primates including humans, are adaptive. The long-term evolution of these species has involved selection for social behaviours that make individual or ...
Bowlby was interested in separation distress, and bonding in animals. He noticed that many infant behaviours are organized around the goal of maintaining proximity to the caregiver. [ 4 ] He proposed that human infants like other mammals must have an attachment motivational-behavioural system which enhances chances for survival. [ 2 ]
Maternal oxytocin circulation is said to predispose women to bond and show bonding behavior, [5] [6] although this has been disputed. [ 7 ] Breastfeeding is also strongly believed to foster the bond, via touch, response and mutual gazing as it stimulates the experience with the baby gazing up and down the mother and drinking from the mother's ...