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Clindamycin is a lincosamide antibiotic medication used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections, including osteomyelitis (bone) or joint infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, strep throat, pneumonia, acute otitis media (middle ear infections), and endocarditis. [5]
Otitis interna, or labyrinthitis, involves the inner ear. The inner ear includes sensory organs for balance and hearing. When the inner ear is inflamed, vertigo is a common symptom. Other symptoms in adults include pain and drainage from ear or problems with hearing. [8] Symptoms in children can include excessive crying, touching at ears ...
The main symptoms are severe vertigo and nystagmus. The most common symptom of vestibular neuritis is the onset of vertigo that has formed from an ongoing infection or trauma. [9] The dizziness sensation that is associated with vertigo is thought to be from the inner ear labyrinth. [10]
Ear pain due to an infection is the most common in children and can occur in babies. [10] Adults may need further evaluation if they have hearing loss, dizziness or ringing in the ear. [ 6 ] Additional red flags include diabetes, a weakened immune system, swelling seen on the outer ear, or swelling along the jaw.
Progression of the infection from pneumonitis into necrotizing pneumonia and pulmonary abscess can occur, with or without the development of empyema. [22] [23] The infection is often polymicrobial in nature and isolates of community-acquired infection (in 60–80% of cases) are aerobic and anaerobic belonging to the individual's oropharyngeal ...
Aminoglycosides can cause inner ear toxicity which can result in sensorineural hearing loss. [19] The incidence of inner ear toxicity varies from 7 to 90%, depending on the types of antibiotics used, susceptibility of the patient to such antibiotics, and the duration of antibiotic administration.
Ototoxicity of gentamicin can be exploited to treat some individuals with Ménière's disease by destroying the inner ear, which stops the vertigo attacks but causes permanent deafness. [19] Due to the effects on mitochondria, certain inherited mitochondrial disorders result in increased sensitivity to the toxic effects of aminoglycosides.
[1] [35] Where the site of infection is easily accessed, antibiotics may be given topically in the form of eye drops onto the conjunctiva for conjunctivitis or ear drops for ear infections and acute cases of swimmer's ear. Topical use is also one of the treatment options for some skin conditions including acne and cellulitis. [40]