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A ganzfeld experiment (from the German words for "entire" and "field") is an assessment used by parapsychologists that they contend can test for extrasensory perception (ESP) or telepathy. In these experiments, a "sender" attempts to mentally transmit an image to a "receiver" who is in a state of sensory deprivation .
The results of many tests using Zener cards fit with a typical normal distribution. Probability predicts these test results for a test of 25 questions with five possible answers if chance is operating: 79.3% of people will get between 3 and 7 correct. 10.9% will get 8 or more correct. One person in 73,700 will get 15 or more correct.
In a telepathy experiment, the "sender" looks at a series of cards while the "receiver" guesses the symbols. To try to observe clairvoyance, the pack of cards is hidden from everyone while the receiver guesses. To try to observe precognition, the order of the cards is determined after the guesses are made. Later he used dice to test for ...
Garrett took part in "clairvoyance" tests.One of the tests was organized by Joseph Rhine at Duke University in 1933 which involved Zener cards.Certain symbols that were placed on the cards and sealed in an envelope, and participants were asked to guess their contents.
Ganzfeld experiment – Pseudoscientific test for extrasensory perception (ESP) Visual release hallucinations – Experience of hallucinations by blind people; Closed-eye hallucination – Class of hallucination; Dark retreat – Tibetan Buddhism advanced practice; Hypnagogia – State of consciousness leading into sleep
Diagram by the French esotericist Paul Sédir to explain clairvoyance [1]. Clairvoyance (/ k l ɛər ˈ v ɔɪ. ə n s /; from French clair 'clear' and voyance 'vision') is the claimed ability to acquire information that would be considered impossible to get through scientifically proven sensations, thus classified as extrasensory perception, or "sixth sense".
Extrasensory Perception is a 1934 book written by parapsychologist Joseph Banks Rhine, which discusses his research work at Duke University. Extrasensory perception is the ability to acquire information shielded from the senses, and the book was "of such a scope and of such promise as to revolutionize psychical research and to make its title literally a household phrase".
Martin Gardner wrote "As Mental Radio stands, it is a highly unsatisfactory account of conditions surrounding the clairvoyancy tests. Throughout his entire life, Sinclair has been a gullible victim of mediums and psychics." [1] Gardner also wrote the possibility of sensory leakage during the experiment had not been ruled out: