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Argyll Robertson pupils (AR pupils) are bilateral small pupils that reduce in size on a near object (i.e., they accommodate), but do not constrict when exposed to bright light (i.e., they do not react). They are a highly specific sign of neurosyphilis; however, Argyll Robertson pupils may also be a sign of diabetic neuropathy.
Argyll Robertson pupils, a clinical feature of neurosyphilis, are characterized by pupils that do not react to light but have an intact accommodation reflex. Another late form of neurosyphilis is general paresis, which is a slow degenerative process of the brain. Neuropsychiatric symptoms might appear due to overall damage to the brain.
Signs and symptoms may not appear for decades after the initial infection and include weakness, diminished reflexes, paresthesias (shooting and burning pains, pricking sensations, and formication), hypoesthesias (abnormally diminished sense of touch), tabetic gait (locomotor ataxia), progressive degeneration of the joints, loss of coordination, episodes of intense pain and disturbed sensation ...
Adie syndrome, also known as Holmes–Adie syndrome, is a neurological disorder characterized by a tonically dilated pupil that reacts slowly to light but shows a more definite response to accommodation (i.e., light-near dissociation). [1] It is frequently seen in females with absent knee or ankle jerks and impaired sweating.
Horner's syndrome; Mechanical anisocoria: Occasionally, previous trauma, eye surgery, or inflammation (uveitis, angle closure glaucoma) can lead to adhesions between the iris and the lens. Adie tonic pupil: Tonic pupil is usually an isolated benign entity, presenting in young women. It may be associated with loss of deep tendon reflex (Adie's ...
Acute idiopathic blind spot enlargement syndrome (AIBSE) is a rare eye disease affecting the retina of the eye. It is basically a type of retinopathy which affects females more than males. Currently there is no treatment for this condition, but, it is usually self limiting.
Depending on severity, different symptoms may appear during the swinging flash light test: Mild RAPD initially presents as a weak pupil constriction, after which dilation occurs. When RAPD is moderate, pupil size initially remains same, after which it dilates. When RAPD is severe, the pupil dilates quickly.
Parinaud's syndrome is a cluster of abnormalities of eye movement and pupil dysfunction, characterized by: Paralysis of upwards gaze: Downward gaze is usually preserved. This vertical palsy is supranuclear , so doll's head maneuver should elevate the eyes, but eventually all upward gaze mechanisms fail.