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Useful output energy is always lower than input energy. Efficiency of power plants, world total, 2008. Energy conversion efficiency (η) is the ratio between the useful output of an energy conversion machine and the input, in energy terms. The input, as well as the useful output may be chemical, electric power, mechanical work, light (radiation ...
If a mechanical system has no losses, then the input power must equal the output power. This provides a simple formula for the mechanical advantage of the system. Let the input power to a device be a force F A acting on a point that moves with velocity v A and the output power be a force F B acts on a point that moves with velocity v B.
Equipment is generally rated by the power it will deliver, for example, at the shaft of an electric or hydraulic motor. The power input to the equipment will be greater owing to the less than 100% efficiency of the device. [1] [2] [3] Efficiency of a device is often defined as the ratio of output power to the sum of output power and losses. In ...
Therefore, the efficiency of all real machines is less than 1. A hypothetical machine without friction is called an ideal machine; such a machine would not have any energy losses, so its output power would equal its input power, and its efficiency would be 1 (100%). For hydropower turbines the efficiency is referred to as hydraulic efficiency ...
Output (mechanical) energy is always lower than input energy In general, energy conversion efficiency is the ratio between the useful output of a device and the input, in energy terms. For thermal efficiency, the input, Q i n {\\displaystyle Q_{\\rm {in}}} , to the device is heat , or the heat-content of a fuel that is consumed.
If energy output and input are expressed in the same units, efficiency is a dimensionless number. [1] Where it is not customary or convenient to represent input and output energy in the same units, efficiency-like quantities have units associated with them. For example, the heat rate of a fossil fuel power plant may be expressed in BTU per ...
In common terms, it is the energy output, which for simple machines is always less than the energy input, even though the forces may be drastically different. In [thermodynamics], work output can refer to the thermodynamic work done by a heat engine , in which case the amount of work output must be less than the input as energy is lost to heat ...
The higher the heat rate (i.e. the more energy input that is required to produce one unit of electric output), the lower the efficiency of the power plant. The U.S. Energy Information Administration gives a general explanation for how to translate a heat rate value into a power plant's efficiency value. [4]