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  2. JavaScript syntax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript_syntax

    The Math object contains various math-related constants (for example, π) and functions (for example, cosine). (Note that the Math object has no constructor, unlike Array or Date. All its methods are "static", that is "class" methods.) All the trigonometric functions use angles expressed in radians, not degrees or grads.

  3. Lazy initialization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazy_initialization

    In computer programming, lazy initialization is the tactic of delaying the creation of an object, the calculation of a value, or some other expensive process until the first time it is needed.

  4. Initialization (programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initialization_(programming)

    Data initialization may occur without explicit syntax in a program to do so. For example, if static variables are declared without an initializer, then those of primitive data types are initialized with the value of zero of the corresponding type, while static objects of class type are initialized with their default constructors.

  5. Constructor (object-oriented programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructor_(object...

    In C#, a static constructor is a static data initializer. [4]: 111–112 Static constructors are also called class constructors. Since the actual method generated has the name .cctor they are often also called "cctors". [5] [6] Static constructors allow complex static variable initialization. [7] Static constructors are called implicitly when ...

  6. Static single-assignment form - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static_single-assignment_form

    An example control-flow graph, partially converted to SSA. It is clear which definition each use is referring to, except for one case: both uses of y in the bottom block could be referring to either y 1 or y 2, depending on which path the control flow took. To resolve this, a special statement is inserted in the last block, called a Φ (Phi ...

  7. Initialization-on-demand holder idiom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initialization-on-demand...

    The static class definition LazyHolder within it is not initialized until the JVM determines that LazyHolder must be executed. The static class LazyHolder is only executed when the static method getInstance is invoked on the class Something, and the first time this happens the JVM will load and initialize the LazyHolder class.

  8. Immediately invoked function expression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immediately_invoked...

    Immediately invoked function expressions can be used to avoid variable hoisting from within blocks, protecting against polluting the global environment and simultaneously allowing public access to methods while retaining privacy for variables defined within the function. In other words, it wraps functions and variables, keeping them out of the ...

  9. Fluent interface - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluent_interface

    A common example is the iostream library in C++, which uses the << or >> operators for the message passing, sending multiple data to the same object and allowing "manipulators" for other method calls. Other early examples include the Garnet system (from 1988 in Lisp) and the Amulet system (from 1994 in C++) which used this style for object ...