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The fractional excretion of sodium (FE Na) is the percentage of the sodium filtered by the kidney which is excreted in the urine.It is measured in terms of plasma and urine sodium, rather than by the interpretation of urinary sodium concentration alone, as urinary sodium concentrations can vary with water reabsorption.
The renal clearance ratio or fractional excretion is a relative measure of the speed at which a constituent of urine passes through the kidneys. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is defined by following equation: c l e a r a n c e r a t i o o f X = C x C i n {\displaystyle clearance\ ratio\ of\ X={\frac {C_{x}}{C_{in}}}}
The urine sodium is expressed as a concentration (such as millimoles per liter). The result must therefore be interpreted in the context of the degree of urine concentration present. Alternatively, the urine sodium can be standardized to the excretion of creatinine using a formula such as the fractional excretion of sodium (FENa).
A sodium-related parameter is fractional sodium excretion, which is the percentage of the sodium filtered by the kidney which is excreted in the urine. It is a useful parameter in acute kidney failure and oliguria , with a value below 1% indicating a prerenal disease and a value above 1% suggesting acute tubular necrosis or other kidney damage.
An estimate of the GFR is used clinically to determine the degree of kidney impairment and to track the progression of the disease. The GFR, however, does not reveal the source of the kidney disease. This is accomplished by urinalysis, measurement of urine protein excretion, kidney imaging, and, if necessary, kidney biopsy. [1]
Urinary excretion rate = Filtration rate – Reabsorption rate + Secretion rate [1] Although the strictest sense of the word excretion with respect to the urinary system is urination itself, renal clearance is also conventionally called excretion (for example, in the set term fractional excretion of sodium).
In renal physiology, the filtration fraction is the ratio of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) over the renal plasma flow (RPF).. Filtration Fraction, FF = GFR/RPF, or =. ...
If they can’t reabsorb urea, the BUN:Cr ratio falls to less than 15 to 1. Also, they can’t reabsorb sodium, meaning the urine Na+ goes above 40 mEq/L, and the fractional excretion of sodium, or FENa, the percent of sodium filtered that’s excreted in the urine, goes above 2%, and finally urine osmolality falls below 350 mOsm/kg.