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Peribronchial cuffing, also referred to as peribronchial thickening or bronchial wall thickening, is a radiologic sign which occurs when excess fluid or mucus buildup in the small airway passages of the lung causes localized patches of atelectasis (lung collapse). [1]
Chest x-ray demonstrating severe atelectasis or collapse of the right lung and mediastinal shift towards the right. Atelectasis is the partial collapse of a lung that is reversible. There are numerous etiologies, including post-operative atelectasis, surfactant deficiency, mucus plugging, and foreign body aspiration.
In anteroposterior (AP) views, the positions of the x-ray source and detector are reversed: the x-ray beam enters through the anterior aspect and exits through the posterior aspect of the chest. AP chest x-rays are harder to read than PA x-rays and are therefore generally reserved for situations where it is difficult for the patient to get an ...
Hoover's sign in pulmonology is one of two signs named for Charles Franklin Hoover. [1]It refers to inward movement of the lower rib cage during inspiration, [2] - instead of outward as is normal - implying a flat, but functioning, diaphragm, often associated with COPD. [3]
Ground-glass opacity (GGO) is a finding seen on chest x-ray (radiograph) or computed tomography (CT) imaging of the lungs. It is typically defined as an area of hazy opacification (x-ray) or increased attenuation (CT) due to air displacement by fluid, airway collapse, fibrosis , or a neoplastic process . [ 1 ]
CT scan in a patient with usual interstitial pneumonia, showing interstitial thickening, architectural distortion, honeycombing and bronchiectasis.. In radiology, honeycombing or "honeycomb lung" is the radiological appearance seen with widespread pulmonary fibrosis [1] and is defined by the presence of small cystic spaces with irregularly thickened walls composed of fibrous tissue.
For example, if the reader thinks the x-ray being read has profusion most like the standard x-ray for category 1, but serious considered category 2 as an alternative description of the profusion, then the reading is 1/2. Close-up right lower zone 2/2 S/S Large opacities: A large opacity is defined as any opacity greater than 1 cm in diameter.
Typically, an area of white lung is seen on a standard X-ray. [5] Consolidated tissue is more radio-opaque than normally aerated lung parenchyma, so that it is clearly demonstrable in radiography and on CT scans. Consolidation is often a middle-to-late stage feature/complication in pulmonary infections.