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  2. Jasper - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasper

    The Hebrew word may have designated a green jasper. [12] Flinders Petrie suggested that the odem – the first stone on the High Priest's breastplate – was a red jasper, whilst tarshish, the tenth stone, may have been a yellow jasper. [13] Male torso carved from red jasper, Bronze Age, Harappa, Indus Valley civilisation, Pakistan

  3. Fracture (mineralogy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fracture_(mineralogy)

    Fracture differs from cleavage in that the latter involves clean splitting along the cleavage planes of the mineral's crystal structure, as opposed to more general breakage. All minerals exhibit fracture, but when very strong cleavage is present, it can be difficult to see.

  4. List of gemstones by species - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_gemstones_by_species

    This is a list of gemstones, organized by species and types. Minerals There ... Jasper; Petrified wood; Sard; Citrine (var.) Druzy (var.) Flint (var.) Herkimer ...

  5. Orbicular jasper - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbicular_jasper

    Orbicular jasper from Madagascar. Orbicular jasper is a variety of jasper which contains variably-colored orbs or spherical inclusions or zones. In highly silicified rhyolite or tuff, quartz and feldspar crystallize in radial aggregates of needle-like crystals which provide the basis or seed for the orbicular structure seen in this kind of jasper. [1]

  6. Conchoidal fracture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conchoidal_fracture

    A conchoidal fracture is a break or fracture of a brittle material that does not follow any natural planes of separation. Mindat.org defines conchoidal fracture as follows: "a fracture with smooth, curved surfaces, typically slightly concave, showing concentric undulations resembling the lines of growth of a shell". [ 1 ]

  7. Concretion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concretion

    For example, concretions in sandstones or shales are commonly formed of a carbonate mineral such as calcite; those in limestones are commonly an amorphous or microcrystalline form of silica such as chert, flint, or jasper; while those in black shale may be composed of pyrite. [18]

  8. Fracture (geology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fracture_(geology)

    fracture front – the line separating the rock that has been fractured from the rock that has not; fracture tip – the point at which the fracture trace terminates on the surface; fracture trace – the line representing the intersection of the fracture plane with the surface; Griffith cracks – preexisting microfractures and flaws in the rock

  9. Biggs jasper - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biggs_jasper

    Biggs jasper is a variety of the mineral jasper. It is a "picture jasper" – a jasper that exhibits particular patterns and colors – and is used as an opaque gemstone . [ 1 ] It exhibits intricate, shell- or layer-like patterns in shades of brown ranging from beige to dark brown.