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The transparent red spinels were called spinel-rubies [14] or balas rubies. [15] In the past, before the arrival of modern science, spinels and rubies were equally known as rubies. After the 18th century, the word ruby was only used for the red gem variety of the mineral corundum, and the word spinel came to be used. [16] "
The Spinel of the Great Imperial Crown (Russian: Шпинель Большой императорской короны) or Menshikov Ruby [1] (Russian: Рубин Меншикова) is a historical gemstone, a red spinel which tops the Great Imperial Crown of Russia from the 18th century to the present day.
The gemstone at the front of the Imperial State Crown. The Black Prince's Ruby is a large, irregular cabochon red spinel weighing 170 carats (34 g) set in the cross pattée above the Cullinan II diamond at the front of the Imperial State Crown of the United Kingdom. [1]
In 2016, jeweler Olivia Young of Ouroboros sold a red spinel ring for £6,000 ($7,700). Last year, the client’s insurance company paid out £30,000 ($38,400) to replace it.
The crown is also decorated with one of the seven historic stones of the Russian Diamond Collection: a large precious red spinel weighing 398.72 carats (79.744 g), known as the Menshikov Ruby, which was bought in China in 1702 by the Nerchinsk merchant Yan Istopnikov. It is believed to be the second largest spinel in the world. [citation needed]
Imitations go back to Roman times and already in the 17th century techniques were developed to color foil red—by burning scarlet wool in the bottom part of the furnace—which was then placed under the imitation stone. [34] Trade terms such as balas ruby for red spinel and rubellite for red tourmaline can mislead unsuspecting buyers. Such ...