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Wisdom has been defined in many different ways, [1] [2] and there are several distinct approaches to assessing the characteristics attributed to wisdom. [3] [4] Wise ones understand human nature. [5] Wisdom is a phronesis of the human condition. [6] Wisdom is a worldview. [7] Wisdom is having excellent judgement of human affairs. [8]
The Swedish cunning woman Gertrud Ahlgren of Gotland (1782–1874), drawing by Pehr Arvid Säve 1870. In Scandinavia, the klok gumma ("wise woman") or klok gubbe ("wise man"), and collectively De kloka ("The Wise ones"), as they were known in Swedish, were usually elder members of the community who acted as folk healers and midwives as well as using folk magic such as magic rhymes. [10]
The wise old man (also called senex, sage or sophos) is an archetype as described by Carl Jung, as well as a classic literary figure, and may be seen as a stock character. [1] The wise old man can be a profound philosopher distinguished for wisdom and sound judgment .
In Jungian psychology, the Wise Old Woman and the Wise Old Man are archetypes of the collective unconscious. The Wise Old Woman, or helpful old woman, "is a well-known symbol in myths and fairy tales for the wisdom of the eternal female nature." [1] The Wise Old Man, "or some other very powerful aspect of eternal masculinity" is her male ...
Gods and sages, because they are wise; Senseless people, because they think they are wise. The position of the philosopher is between these two groups. The philosopher is not wise, but possesses the self-awareness of lacking wisdom, and thus pursues it. Plato is also the first to develop this notion of the sage in various works.
VI He writes that Sophia is a combination of nous, the ability to discern reality, and epistēmē, things that "could not be otherwise". [5] He then writes that Phronesis involves not only the ability to decide how to reach a certain end, but the ability to reflect upon and determine "good ends" as well. [4]: VI 1140a, 1141b, 1142b
The Stoics accepted that suicide was permissible for the wise person in circumstances that might prevent them from living a virtuous life, [49] such as if they fell victim to severe pain or disease, [49] but otherwise suicide would usually be seen as a rejection of one's social duty. [50]
For instance, the hero archetype might inspire a person to bravely confront a dangerous situation, while the wise elder archetype might guide a person to make wise and compassionate decisions. Similarly, the influence of archetypes might be seen in the natural world, such as the way that rivers and mountains seem to embody certain qualities or ...