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The list of organisms by chromosome count describes ploidy or numbers of chromosomes in the cells of various plants, animals, protists, and other living organisms.This number, along with the visual appearance of the chromosome, is known as the karyotype, [1] [2] [3] and can be found by looking at the chromosomes through a microscope.
In 1974 J. Nerup and others discovered that there is a link between diabetes and MHC genes. Dog leukocyte antigen has been found to be the genetic component associated with canine diabetes. The common alleles/haplotypes found in diabetes prone breeds (Samoyed, Carin Terrier, and Tibetan Terrier) are DLA DBR1*009, DQA1*001, and DQB1*008.
Lymphoma is one of the most common malignant tumors to occur in dogs. [citation needed] The cause is genetic, but there are also suspected environmental factors involved, [1] including in one study an increased risk with the use of the herbicide 2,4-D. [2] This risk was not confirmed in another study. [3]
The size of the kidneys increases with the mass of mammals, and the number of nephrons in the kidneys between mammals increases allometrically. [92] In mice, the kidneys are approximately 1 cm (0.4 in) long, weighing 400 mg, with 16,000 nephrons, while in the killer whale , the kidney length exceeds 25 cm (10 in), the mass is approximately 4.5 ...
The Kidd antigen system (also known as Jk antigen) are proteins found in the Kidd's blood group, which act as antigens, i.e., they have the ability to produce antibodies under certain circumstances. The Jk antigen is found on a protein responsible for urea transport in the red blood cells and the kidney. [1] They are important in transfusion ...
The frequency of bilateral glaucoma with a genetic base in purebred dogs is higher than in any species except humans. [24] Cataracts in dogs either have a genetic base or can also be caused by diabetes. Nuclear sclerosis resembles a cataract but is actually a normal age-related change.
polycystic kidney, external surface with multiple cysts. Cut surface of kidney showing multiple cysts with old and more recent haemorrhage. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is one of the most common, life-threatening inherited human disorders and the most common hereditary kidney disease.
Evidence supports a genetic link between the Kell blood group (on chromosome 7 q33) and the ability to taste phenylthiocarbamide, or PTC, a bitter-tasting thiourea compound. [16] [17] Bitter taste receptor proteins in the taste buds of the tongue that recognise PTC are encoded on nearby chromosome locus 7 q35-6. [citation needed]