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Carpenters extensively use dimensional lumber in framing wooden buildings. Common sizes include 2×4 (pictured) (also two-by-four and other variants, such as four-by-two in Australia, New Zealand, and the UK), 2×6, and 4×4. The length of a board is usually specified separately from the width and depth.
The beams are continuously formed, so the length of the beam is limited only to the maximum length that can be handled and transported. Typical widths are 3 + 1 ⁄ 2, 5 + 1 ⁄ 4 or 7 inches (89, 133 or 178 mm); typical depths are 9 + 1 ⁄ 2, 11 + 7 ⁄ 8, 14, 16 and 18 inches (240, 300, 360, 410 and 460 mm). Typically the beams are made to a ...
The board foot or board-foot is a unit of measurement for the volume of lumber in the United States and Canada. [1] It equals the volume of a board that is one foot (30.5 cm) in length, one foot in width, and one inch (2.54 cm) in thickness, or exactly 2.359 737 216 liters.
In the United States, planks can be any length and are generally a minimum of 2×8 (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in × 7 + 1 ⁄ 4 in or 38 mm × 184 mm), but planks that are 2×10 (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in × 9 + 1 ⁄ 4 in or 38 mm × 235 mm) and 2×12 (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in × 11 + 1 ⁄ 4 in or 38 mm × 286 mm) are more commonly stocked by lumber retailers.
Typical dimensions of today's "two by four" is 1.5 by 3.5 inches (38 mm × 89 mm) dimensional lumber prior to sanding and are typically placed 16 inches (406 mm) from each other's center, but sometimes also at 12 inches (305 mm) or 24 inches (610 mm).
Knots on the ends of the dried lumber are trimmed. Lumber is then grouped based on the grade. To create lengths of glulam longer than those typically available for sawn lumber, the lumber must be end-jointed. The most common joint for this is a finger joint, 1.1 in (2.8